Thesis About Soft Drink Dealership Essay Essay Example

Thesis About Soft Drink Dealership Essay Paper 1/A thesis proposal submitted to the Faculty of the Department of Management. College of Economics. Management and Development Studies. Cavite State University. Indang. Cavite. in partial fulfilment of the demands for graduation with the grade of Bachelor of Science in Business Management. major in Business Economics. Prepared under the supervising of Dr. Nelia C. Cresino. INTRODUCTION Soft drinks can follow their history back to the mineral H2O found in natural springs. Bathing in natural springs has long been considered a healthy thing to make and mineral H2O is said to hold healing powers. Scientists shortly discovered that gas carbonium or C dioxide is behind the bubbles in natural mineral H2O. Soft drinks by its term are drinks that are non alcoholic drinks. Carbonated soft drinks are besides referred to as sodium carbonate ( About. com. 2011 ) . What is particular about soft drinks is that it is really easy to happen and that all people could avail it. It is truly good in fulfilling thirst of an person. It gives a reviewing feeling particularly on a really hot conditions. Harmonizing to the research conducted by the Gale Group Farmington Hills Michigan ( 2008 ) . the soft drink industry began in the mid-1880s. We will write a custom essay sample on Thesis About Soft Drink Dealership Essay specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now We will write a custom essay sample on Thesis About Soft Drink Dealership Essay specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer We will write a custom essay sample on Thesis About Soft Drink Dealership Essay specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer During the early old ages. soft drinks were sold merely in shops that could supply fountain service. Increasing distribution was tied to constructing extra sirup fabrication workss. The first marketed soft drinks appeared in the seventeenth century as a mixture of H2O and lemon juice sweetened with honey. In 1676 the Compagnie de Limonadiers was formed in Paris and granted a monopoly for the sale of its merchandises. Sellers carried armored combat vehicles on their dorsums from which they dispensed cups of lemonade. Sari-sari shops remains the largest distribution channel in 2011. little vicinity retail mercantile establishments called sari-sari shops accounted for the largest proportion of gross revenues in soft drinks. Located in vicinities. these mercantile establishments make merchandises easy accessible to lower- and middle-income consumers. particularly in provincial countries where modern channels such as convenience shops and supermarkets are located in retail centres that are far from residential countries. It should besides be noted that Filipino consumers typically do non purchase in majority and shop soft drinks merchandises at place. Therefore. sari-sari shops become a convenient channel for purchasing soft drinks in the favorite smaller and returnable glass packaging ( euromonitor. 2011 ) . For franchise one will necessitate a batch of collateral. The sum is based on the country of distribution. Soft drink franchise is profitable. but one should hold to watch out for a batch of things where one can lose money like breakage. larceny. etc. The trader should be 200 % hands-on because of the hard currency and tonss of recognition that will be handled. Based on the trial on the gross revenues office of Coca-cola. Pepsi-cola every bit good as Royal Crown in Cavite there are 52 soft drinks traders in the state. Soft imbibe franchises every bit good as other concerns contribute to the betterment in the economic status of people in a certain country or field and the community in general. Therefore. the profitableness of its operation is deserving analyzing. Statement of the Problem Specifically. the survey seeks to reply the undermentioned inquiries: 1. What are the socio economic features of soft drink traders in Cavite? 2. What is the income of soft drinks traders in Cavite? 3. What is the profitableness of soft drinks franchise concern? 4. What are the jobs encountered in soft drinks franchise? Conceptual Framework. The model of the survey which is composed of the socio-economic features as the input. the franchise as the procedure and the net income as the end product is shown in Figure 1. The socio-economic features of the soft drink traders such as age. gender and educational background will be the used as input in runing a franchise concern. The end product which is the net income of the concern will be based from the input which will be processed in runing the concern to bring forth the net income. Figure 1. Conceptual model of the profitableness of the soft drinks franchise in Cavite. Aims of the Study Generally. the survey will be undertaken to find the profitableness of soft drinks franchise in Cavite. Specifically. it aims to: 1. describe the socio-economic features of soft drink traders in Cavite ; 2. determine the income of soft drinks traders in Cavite ; 3. determine the profitableness of soft drinks franchise in Cavite ; 4. identify the jobs encountered in soft drink franchise concern. Importance of the Study The prospective investors can utilize this information as footing in make up ones minding to come in into the soft drinks franchise concern. This will supply a good beginning of informations for their feasibleness survey. The pupil and research workers can utilize the consequence of the survey as mention to hold a deeper survey about soft drink franchise in Cavite and other related researches. From the consequence of the survey. the soft drinks trader will hold an thought of the current state of affairs of other traders and compare their pricing schemes with the other soft drink traders in Cavite. Scope and Limitation of the Study This survey will be conducted to analyse the profitableness of soft drink franchise in Cavite. It will be conducted from October to December 2012. The respondents will be the proprietors. directors. or owner-managers of soft drink franchise concern. The survey focused chiefly on the socio-economic features of the respondents. income of soft drink traders and jobs encountered in soft drinks franchise concern. Lone traders of soft drinks such as Coca-cola. Pepsi- Cola and Royal Crown will be interviewed. Accounting minutess for one twelvemonth period. 2011 will be included in the analysis of income. The information that will be used in the survey will be limited to what the respondents will supply during the interview. Operational Definition of Footings. Cost of sale refers to an disbursal incurred by soft drinks traders which is obtained by multiplying the monthly gross revenues volume by unit cost. Gross income refers to the monthly sum hard currency sum received by soft drink traders from the concern. Net net income refers to the entire hard currency sum left to the soft drink trader after subtracting all relevant disbursals from the entire gross revenues. Profitableness is the ability of soft drink traders to better the fiscal place of the concern. The ratios that will be used are: Gross Net income Margin. Operating Net income Margin and Net Net income Margin. Gross saless volume refers to the monthly measure of soft drink sold by soft drink traders. Soft drinks is the chief merchandise traded by the soft drink traders to their consumers. This include carbonated drinks such as Coca-cola. Pepsi- Cola and Royal Crown. Soft drinks traders refer to the individual who sells soft drinks for hard currency. Entire cost/ disbursal refers to all disbursals incurred by soft drink traders in a month. Entire gross revenues refers to the entire sum of soft drinks sold in a month. It is obtained by multiplying the unit merchandising monetary value by the monthly gross revenues volume. METHODOLOGY. This chapter will discourse the research process to be used in the survey. This will be presented in the undermentioned subdivision: 1. ) research design. 2. ) beginning of informations. 3. ) informations assemblage process. 4. ) research instrument. 5. ) method of analysis. Research Design The cross- sectional study research design will be used in analyzing the profitableness of soft drink franchise in Cavite. This design will ease happening the replies to inquiries on socio-economic features of soft drink traders. income of soft drink traders. profitableness of soft drinks franchise and the jobs encountered in soft drink franchise concern. In the cross sectional study design. informations will be collected at one point in clip from October to December 2012 from a sample selected from a population at the peculiar clip. Beginnings of Data The respondents for this survey will be the soft drinks traders in Cavite. A list of soft drink traders in every town was requested from the gross revenues office of the different companies such as Coca-cola. Pepsi- Cola and Royal Crown Cola in Cavite. viz. : Alfonso. Amadeo. Bacoor. Carmona. Cavite City. Dasmarinas City. Gen. Trias. Imus. Indang. Kawit. Maragondon Naic. Noveleta. Rosario. Tagaytay. Tanza and Trece Martirez City. Merely towns that have soft drink traders will be included in the survey. Data Gathering Procedure The information to be used in the survey will be gathered through interviews with the assistance of questionnaires. Trial to the different towns of Cavite will be done to find the figure of soft drinks traders. Table 1 shows the distribution of respondents by merchandises and by towns. A sum of 52 respondents will be included in the survey. Table 1. Distribution of respondents by merchandises and by towns. PRODUCT/TOWNFREQUENCYPERCENTAGE Pepsi- Cola Carmona 2 4 Bacoor 3 6 Dasmarinas 3 6 G. M. A. 1 2 Silang 3 6 Coca-cola Amadeo 1 2 Bacoor 4 7 Cavite City 1 2 Dasmarinas 3 6 Gen. Trias 2 4 Imus 2 4 Indang 1 2 Kawit 1 2 Maragondon 1 2 Naic 1 2 Rosario 3 6 Tagaytay 1 2 Tanza 2 2 Ternate 1 4 Trece 1 2 Royal Crown Cola Alfonso 1 2 Bacoor 2 4 Carmona 2 4 Cavite metropolis 1 2 Dasmarinas 1 2 Gen. Trias 1 2 Imus 3 6 Noveleta 1 2 Silang 1 2 Tanza 1 4 Martirez 1 2 Entire 52 100 Percent Research Instrument The questionnaire will be used as the chief assemblage tool of informations. The questionnaire is divided into 5 parts. The first portion is about the general information of the respondents. The 2nd portion will concentrate on the signifier of concern organisation. and the 3rd portion will focus on on the patterns and schemes in doing net income. The 4th and the last portion include the concern income and outgos of the soft drink traders and the jobs encountered in soft drink franchise. Method of Analysis Frequency count and per centum will be used to depict the socio-economic features of soft drink traders. factors impacting the income of soft drink traders and jobs encountered by soft drinks traders. Fiscal tool such as profitableness ratios will be used to mensurate the earning capacity of the concern. The ratios that will be used are: Gross Net income Margin. Operating Net income Margin and Net Net income Margin. Gross net income border. Measures the per centum of each peso gross revenues staying after the house has paid for its goods. The higher the gross net income border. the better. the lower the comparative cost of merchandize sale. Gross net income border = Gross net income Gross saless Operating net income border. It determines the per centum of each peso gross revenues that is represented by runing net incomes. It measures the overall operating efficiency and incorporates all the disbursals associated with the ordinary or normal concern activities. Operating net income border =net runing income Net gross revenues Net net income border. See income after cost. Operating cost and revenue enhancements have been deducted. Net net income border is divided by net income after revenue enhancements by net gross revenues. In analysing the income of soft drink traders the expression that will used to work out the net income is: NI =TS – TC Where: NI = net income TS = entire gross revenues TC =total cost Return on disbursals. Measures the gaining power of the concern for every peso spent. It is obtained by spliting the net income after revenue enhancements by the entire disbursals. ROE= net income after revenue enhancements Entire expense REVIEW 0F RELATED LITERATURE Carbonated Soft drinks Dealers Soft drinks are liquids which contains C dioxide. In the old ages that followed. many fluctuations of carbonated drinks. the procedure of carbonation can happen of course belowground or unnaturally. it is through supercharging. Examples of carbonated drinks include spring H2O. beer and sodium carbonate. or dad. Best illustration is Coca-Cola which is the family name all over the universe. Makers of carbonated drinks use caramel colourising more than any other colour in the nutrient industry. Carbonated drinks can by and large be 90 percent H2O. They are most normally associated with being non-alcoholic. although by definition beer is besides a carbonated drink ( Jeanne. 2011 ) . Harmonizing to the Pinoy Progress Philippines. Com. The Filipino Beverage Industry is composed of companies bring forthing ice tea drinks. soft drinks and Colas. energy drinks. milk. juice drinks and mineral H2O. In the soft drinks or soda class Coca-Cola and Pepsi of the US dominate. The soft drinks section of this industry right now is dominated still by the two American giants–Coke and Pepsi ( pinoyprogress. com2012 ) . Royal crown soft drinks are besides the taking trade name of soft drinks for the Filipinos. Geting Filipinos to appreciate RC Cola. a century-old trade name founded in Columbus. Georgia is something that the local bottlers of RC Cola have been making daily for the past eight old ages ( Manila Bulletin. May16. 2011 ) . Pepsi Cola Products Philippines reported its gross revenues figured being down to $ 2. 74 million in 2008 from $ 3 million in 2007. This is expected to be a consequence of people’s turning orientation towards healthier drink options ( Filipino Beverage Industry. 2009 ) . Consumption of and Gross saless of soft drinks The ingestion of carbonated soft drinks is high. and is fast making impregnation. So future growing in the Philippine soft drinks market is expected to come from non-carbonated soft drinks. says â€Å"Philippines Food and Drinks Market: Emerging Opportunities† . the latest research on the Filipino nutrient and drinks market ( Philippines Food and Drinks Market: Emerging Opportunities. Feb. 2009 ) . Status of gross revenues in soft drink industry has been good public presentation over the recent old ages. Enjoying high per capita ingestion among Asiatic states. The gross revenues of soft drinks are expected to come to make 6 Billion Liters in 2008. 23 % up over 2005 ( Philippines Food and Drinks Market: Emerging Opportunities. Feb. 2009 ) . Small retail mercantile establishment which is called sari- saree shops is accounted for the largest proportion of gross revenues in soft drinks. Because it is easy accessible to lower- and middle-income consumers. particularly in provincial countries where modern channels such as convenience shops and supermarkets are located in retail Centres that are far from residential countries ( Euromonitor. com2012 ) . In the Philippines. the competition in the carbonated drinks becomes stronger. The Coca-Cola Export Corp remains the unchallenged leader in the Philippine soft drinks class. The Coca-Cola Co is able to provide to lower-income consumers through its fully-owned subordinate Cosmos Bottling Corp. which manufacturer’s competitively-priced regional trade names ( Euromonitor. com2012 ) . Harmonizing to the research conducted by the Canadian Beverage Association ( 2009 ) . gross revenues tend to be seasonal. with higher ingestion happening during the hotter summer months. Unusually cold or showery conditions during the summer months can hold a negative impact on gross revenues. Aside for carbonated drinks. bottled H2O and fruit juice will be the most profitable in the non carbonated soft drinks in the market. Many factors impacting the gross revenues of soft drinks industry â€Å"Growing wellness consciousness and wellness safety concerns among Filipinos will be the cardinal make up ones minding factors of this growth† † . says an analyst at RNCOS. Other factors. including turning immature population. lifting income and switching consumer penchant are besides likely to add to the growing of wellness drink market in the state ( S. C 2009 ) . Problems Encountered by Soft drinks Industry Harmonizing to the research conducted by the Euromonitor’s squad. the twelvemonth of 2011 is a really ambitious twelvemonth for the soft drinks industry in the Philippines. Because of the economic back bead. shorter summer periods and higher inflationary force per unit area. the industry’s entire volume gross revenues contracted ( Euromonitor. com. 2012 ) . Increased competition from other non-alcoholic drinks. in peculiar bottled H2O. but besides drinks such as fruit/vegetable-based drinks. energy drinks. athleticss drinks and relaxation drinks. has given consumers more beverage picks. Changing consumer penchants and demographics. with a larger section of older consumers who are progressively concerned about their ain wellness. and concerns about fleshiness have resulted in an increased demand for new merchandises ( Canadian Beverage Association. 2009 ) .

Life and Work of Nancy Spero, Feminist Printmaker

Life and Work of Nancy Spero, Feminist Printmaker Nancy Spero (August 24, 1926–October 18, 2009) was a pioneering feminist artist, best known for her appropriation of images of myth and legend culled from various sources collaged with contemporary images of women. Her work is often presented in an unconventional manner, whether in the form of the codex or applied directly to the wall. This manipulation of form is designed to place her work, which frequently grapples with themes of feminism and violence, in the context of a more established art historical canon. Fast Facts: Nancy Spero Known For: Artist (painter, printmaker)Born: August 24, 1926 in Cleveland, OhioDied: October 18, 2009 in New York City, New YorkEducation: Art Institute of ChicagoSelected Works: War Series, Artaud Paintings, Take No PrisonersNotable Quote: I don’t want my work to be a reaction to what male art might be or what art with a capital A would be. I just want it to be art. Early Life Spero was born in 1926 in Cleveland, Ohio. Her family moved to Chicago when she was a toddler. After graduating from New Trier High School, she attended the Art Institute of Chicago, where she met her future husband, painter Leon Golub, who described his wife as being â€Å"elegantly subversive† in art school.  Spero graduated in 1949 and spent the following year in Paris. She and Golub married in 1951. While living and working in Italy from 1956 to 1957, Spero took note of the ancient Etruscan and Roman frescoes, which she would eventually incorporate into her own art. From 1959-1964, Spero and Golub lived in Paris with their three sons (the youngest, Paul, was born in Paris during this time). It was in Paris that she began exhibiting her work. She displayed her work in several shows at Galerie Breteau throughout the 1960s. Art: Style and Themes Nancy Spero’s work is easily recognizable, made by repeatedly hand-printing images in a non narrative sequence, often in codex form. The codex and the scroll are ancient ways of disseminating knowledge; thus, by utilizing the codex in her own work, Spero inserts herself into the larger context of history. The use of the knowledge-bearing codex to display image-based work begs the viewer to make sense of the â€Å"story.† Ultimately, however, Speros art is anti-historical, as the repeated images of women in distress (or in some cases women as protagonist) is meant to paint a picture of the unchanging nature of the female condition as either victim or heroine. An example of Speros Codices.   Aware Women Artists Speros interest in the scroll was also partially derived from her realization that the female figure could not escape the scrutiny of the male gaze. Thus, she began to make works that were so expansive that some pieces could only be seen in peripheral vision. This reasoning also extends to her fresco work, which places her figures in out of reach places on a wall- often very high or hidden by other architectural elements. Spero derived her metal plates, which she used to print the same image over and over again, from images she encountered in her day-to-day, including advertisements, history books, and magazines. She would eventually build up what an assistant called a â€Å"lexicon† of female images, which she would employ almost as stand-ins for words. The fundamental position of Spero’s work was to recast woman as the protagonist in history, as women â€Å"have been there† but â€Å"have been written out† of history. â€Å"What I try to do,† she said, is pick the ones that have a very powerful vitality† in order to force our culture to grow accustomed to seeing women in the role of power and heroism. Spero’s use of the female body, however, does not always seek to represent the female experience. Sometimes, it is â€Å"a symbol of victim of both men and women,† as the female body is often the site of violence. In her series on the Vietnam War, the image of woman is intended to represent the suffering of all people, not merely the ones she chooses to depict. Speros depiction of womankind is a portrait of the universal human condition. Politics As her work no doubt suggests, Spero herself was outspoken about politics, concerned with issues as diverse as the violence suffered in war and the unfair treatment of women in the art world. About her iconic War Series, which used the menacing shape of an American army helicopter as a symbol for the atrocities carried out in Vietnam, Spero said:. â€Å"When we came back from Paris and saw that [the U.S.] had gotten involved in Vietnam, I realized that the United States had lost its aura and its right to claim how pure we were. Bomb Shitting from her War Series.   Museo Reina Sofia   In addition to her anti-war work, Spero was a member of Art Workers Coalition, Women Artists in Revolution, and the Women’s Ad Hoc Committee. She was one of the founding members of A.I.R. (Artists-in-Residence) Gallery, a collaborative workspace of female artists in SoHo. She joked that she needed this all-female space as she was overwhelmed at home as the only woman among four men (her husband and three sons). Speros politics were not limited to her art making. She picketed the Vietnam War, as well as the Museum of Modern Art for its poor inclusion of female artists in its collection. Despite her active political participation, however, Spero said: I don’t want my work to be a reaction to what male art might be or what art with a capital A would be. I just want it to be art. Reception and Legacy Nancy Spero’s work was well-regarded in her lifetime. She received a solo show at the Museum of Contemporary Art Los Angeles in 1988 and at the Museum of Modern Art in 1992 and was featured at the Venice Biennale in 2007 with a maypole construction titled Take No Prisoners. Take No Prisoners at the Venice Biennale.   Getty Images Her husband Leon Golub died in 2004. They had been married for 53 years, often working side by side. By the end of her life, Spero was crippled by arthritis, forcing her to work with other artists to produce her prints. However, she welcomed the collaboration, as she liked the way the influence of another hand would change the feel of her prints. Spero died in 2009 at the age of 83, leaving behind a legacy that will continue to influence and inspire artists that come after her. Sources Bird, Jon et al.  Nancy Spero. Phaidon, 1996.Cotter, Holland. Nancy Spero, Artist Of Feminism, Is Dead At 83.  Nytimes.Com, 2018, https://www.nytimes.com/2009/10/20/arts/design/20spero.html. Politics Protest.  Art21, 2018, https://art21.org/read/nancy-spero-politics-and-protest/.  Searle, Adrian. Nancy Speros Death Means The Art World Loses Its Conscience.  The Guardian, 2018, https://www.theguardian.com/artanddesign/2009/oct/20/nancy-spero-artist-death.Sosa, Irene (1993).  Woman as Protagonist: The Art of Nancy Spero. [video] Available at: https://vimeo.com/240664739. (2012).

Agile software development Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Agile software development - Assignment Example On the other hand, agile software development methodology is a software development process that is aimed at developing a software application quickly and allowing for late changes. In addition, CMMI heavily relies on documentation and everything is properly documented when CMMI is being adopted. However, agile software development approach relies on minimum documentation because its focus is on the development. Though, both agile and CMMI have their advantages and disadvantages and the research has shown that if they are implemented effectively, they can work jointly and can play a significant role in the improvement of software development. In fact, principles and practices offered by the agile software development approach ensures critical, long-standing process improvement, hence making it a perfect partner of the CMMI model, which provides an excellent structure of an organization-wide, effectively trained nonstop optimization and improvement. Hence, it can be said that there is no incompatibility between CMMI and agile. In fact, the mixture of both CMMI and Agile complete each other’s capabilities as well as can lead to quick, reasonable, observable, and the continuing benefits (Ropa, 2014; Glazer, 2010). In view of the fact that in the agile software development the programming starts immediately and the testing phase remains active throughout the programming. In this scenario, the software testers have to perform a variety of testing techniques again and again. So the automation of these tests becomes essential. In fact, agile development cannot be successful without automating its testing phase. However, the decision about which tests need to be automated is taken while planning for a given user story. At this stage, testers and developers work collaboratively to determine where automation can be used to activate acceptance/signal completion of the story. Without a doubt, automated testing is really a precondition to becoming a truthfully agile

Exam1 Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 3000 words

Exam1 - Essay Example On the other hand, the competitive philosophy suggests that in a competitive market, the government establish rules that sponsor full and free competition. The competitive philosophy is proposed by its supporters, both as a solution to economic problems and also in moral stipulations: as a ground for freedom, where ideas and ventures are allowed space to thrive. These notions have lately been benefiting from an extraordinary influence. In every society, the government is the sole lawful method of coercion. Forms of government coercion like taxation promote the competitive goal of philosophy, and the higher the burden imposed by taxes on production, the greater the chances that economic growth will decline and falter. Price controls or restrictions encouraging new competitors to enter a market promote market exchanges and others like interdictions on illusory practices and enforcement of contracts can also aid voluntary exchanges. The US government is currently making such an effort t o prevent the concentration of fiscal power that’s been growing for a long time in the investment and banking industries.   The congress is undertaking financial reform and federal supervisors and a few influential state attorney generals are starting inquiries of suspected abuse by the little remaining bank holding corporations, the markets themselves, and other key accomplices like hedge funds. Historically, laissez-faire was a response to mercantilism, a structure of commercial powers in which trade and industry, particularly overseas trade, were only regarded as ways of making the state stronger. Trade monopolies, taxes, Navigation laws, and paternalistic policy of various kinds bore greatly upon the growing class of merchants during the time of European colonial development. French physiocrats, leader economists in the 18th century, on behalf of this class of merchants, initially devised the theories of laissez-faire. State noninterference became a fundamental philosop hy with the physiocrats,; they in particular were opposed to the idea of taxation of commercial endeavors. Resistance to mercantilism and government paternalism also inspired Adam Smith, pioneeer of classical economics, who is directly associated with British laissez-faire policies. Smith supposed that individual benefit rather than state control was the proper objective; he therefore campaigned that trade should be conducted without government limitations. When people had the freedom to follow personal interest, competition or rivalry would turn out to be more effectual than the nation as a controller of economic policy. Smith did not advocate for laissez-faire in an unconditional sense; he created a space for government intervention in public works, such as the construction of docks and canals to assist trade, and in the control of overseas trades to leverage some domestic industries. However, the philosophy of laissez-faire turned into a doctrine of individualism and of functiona l ethics in the hands of Jeremy Bentham, and John Stuart Mill made it to reach what was perhaps its highest point. The theory’s strong individualism was naturally of interest to the merchants and factory owners during the Industrial Revolution; they tried to change society along capitalistic terms and often ended up being hampered by old regulations and the conflict of landed interests. Some real-world examples of programs

Why i want to become Nurse Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Why i want to become Nurse - Essay Example Doctors need nurses to deliver their optimum healthcare performance. Nurses study hard to prepare for this responsibility. Since nurses are important, their jobs are also important. Every hospital can have as many nurses as they need. For that, nursing has become of those jobs that offer job security. Good salary. Since nursing is a very delicate job; and it involves some people’s lives, it is a difficult job. Many people let their lives be steered by a stranger who was trained to give the utmost care and compassion for a fellow human being. That training, that compassion, the difficulty and the responsibility of having another life in his hands is a great deal. Actually, the responsibility, duty and the workload for that job is priceless. But because of that, the wage has been translated to having a big salary. That makes nursing a lucrative career. It’s a difficult job, but then it pays. Challenge. Nursing has a lot of challenges to offer a very curious mind. I am a person who loves to learn and I easily get bored when things become too routine. Nursing offers a different day everyday as no day is ever the same! There is never a dull moment in this career and as you get to move in different areas in the hospital, there is much to learn: from new skills to new information. Nursing is a profession that would offer constant challenges for those who do not want to stop learning and improving. Nurses are also the best people that I have ever known. They are compassionate, patient and empathic people. Not to mention that they are also the smartest and skilled people. I want to be one of them as they are experts and they are also humane. Being a nurse is a lifetime vocation and it sure is a difficult job. However, I am prepared for this responsibility. I love doing what nurses do; I love being able to help with people, learning all the time. I like to have new skills; and at the same time get paid for it. The job offers constant challenges

A Central Processing Unit

A Central Processing Unit A central processing unit, also known as central processor unit, is the hardware inside a computer system that process instructions of a computer program by performing the simple arithmetical, logical, and input/output (I/O) operations of the system. The term has been utilized in the computer industry about since the early 1960s. The concept, design, and implementation of CPUs have altered over the period of its history, but the foundation of its operation is still un-change. On big machines, CPUs need at least one printed circuit boards. For the personal computers and small workstations, the CPU is installed into one silicon chip called a microprocessor. In the 1970s the microprocessor type of CPUs had nearly fully implement all other CPU implementations. Modern CPUs are in big scale integrated circuits in packages usually smaller than four centimeters square, with hundreds of connecting pins. Two usual things of a CPU are the arithmetic logic unit (ALU), which process arithmetic an d logical operations, and the control unit (CU), which extracts instructions from memory and decodes then executes them, calling on the ALU when needed. Not every computational systems depend on a central processing unit. An array processor or vector processor has many parallel computing elements, with no unit to be known the center. For the distributed computing model, issues are corrected by a distributed interconnected set of processors. (Himes, A. 2012) Answer for question 1 Computers such as the ENIAC (Electronic Numerical Integrator And Computer) need to be physically rewired to carry different operations, that results these machines to be known as fixed-program computers. Since the word CPU is basically known as a device for software (computer program) execution, the very first devices that could rightly be known as CPUs came with the arrival of the stored-program computer. The concept of a stored-program computer was already existed in the design of J. Presper Eckert and John William Mauchlys ENIAC, but was not included in the beginning so that it could be complete faster. On June 30, 1945, before ENIAC was created, mathematician John von Neumann distributed the paper called First Draft of a Report on the EDVAC (Electronic Discrete Variable Automatic Computer). It was the plan of a stored-program computer that should be finished in August 1949. EDVAC was made to carry out some amount of instructions (or operations) of various types. The instructions can be combined to make useful programs for the EDVAC to work. The programs made for EDVAC were saved in high-speed computer memory instead of specified by the physical wiring of the computer. This settle the problem of a serious limitation of ENIAC, which was the cquite an amount of time and effort needed to reconfigure the computer to carry out a new task. Using the von Neumanns implementation, the progra m, or software, that EDVAC perform could be modified easily by changing the contents of the memory. (Himes, A. 2012) Every of the computer designs of the beginning of year 1950s was a unique design. There were no upward-compatible devices or computer architectures with numerous, varying implementations. Programs designed for a machine might not function on another kind, even other kinds from the similar company. This was not a great drawback at that time due to there was not a huge body of software made to work on computers, so starting programming from the beginning was not a serious issue. The design flexibility of the time was very crucial, for designers were very restrictive by the cost of electronics, yet just started to discover about how a computer could best be organized. Certain fundamental features implemented during this time like the index registers (on the Ferranti Mark 1), a return-address storing instruction (UNIVAC I), immediate operands (IBM 704), and the detection of invalid operations (IBM 650). (http://www.inetdaemon.com/tutorials/computers/hardware/cpu/ 2012) By the late of the year 1950s commercial builders had made factory-constructed, truck-deliverable computers. The most well known installed computer was the IBM 650, which used drum memory into the programs that were loaded using either paper tape or punched cards. Certain very high-end machines also utilize core memory which results in higher speeds. Hard disks were also start to become more widely use. (http://www.webopedia.com/TERM/C/CPU.html 1970) A computer is an automatic abacus. The type of number system will result the way it operates. In the early 1950s majority computers were made for specific numerical processing operations, and many machines utilized decimal numbers as their basic number system. That is the mathematical functions of the machines laboured in base-10 instead of base-2 as is general today. These were not solely binary coded decimal. Most machines usually had ten vacuum tubes per digit in each register. (Himes, A. 2012) At the end of year 1970, main computer languages were not able to standardize their numeric behavior due to decimal computers had groups of users too big to alienate. Even when designers utilize the binary system, they still had many strange ideas. Some used sign-magnitude arithmetic (-1 = 10001), or ones complement (-1 = 11110), instead of modern twos complement arithmetic (-1 = 11111). Majority computers used 6-bit character sets, due to they moderately encoded Hollerith cards. It was a serious revelation to designers of this period to be aware that the data word should be a multiple of the character size. They started to make computers with 12, 24 and 36 bit data words. (RMI Media Productions. 1979) As opposed to contemporary CPUs which was from the year 1990 until today, the design and growth of the CPU has new execution and levels which makes modern CPU more quicker, small and efficient in comparison to the early designs of CPU. One of the implementation is multi-threading. Present designs perform best when the computer is operating only an application, however almost every current operating-system permit the user to perform several applications at the exact time. For the CPU to alter over and do task on another program needs costly context switching. In comparison, multi-threaded CPUs can manage instructions from several applications at once. To do this, this kind of CPUs involve numerous sets of registers. When a context switch takes place, the contents of the working registers are merely duplicated into one of a set of registers for this intent. This kind of designs usually involve thousands of registers rather than hundreds as in a typical design. On the disadvantage, registers are likely to be somewhat costly in chip space required to implement them. This chip space could otherwise be utilized for some other function. Second implementation is multi-core. Multi-core CPUs are commonly multiple CPU cores on the similar die, linked to each other through a shared L2 or L3 cache, an on-die bus, or an on-die crossbar switch. Every of the CPU cores on the die share interconnect components with which to interface to the other processors and the rest of the system. These components might consist of a front side bus interface, a memory controller to interface with DRAM, a cache coherent connected to other processors, and a non-c oherent connected to the southbridge and I/O devices. The words multi-core and MPU (which is Micro-Processor Unit) have come into common usage for an individual die that consists of multiple CPU cores. Thirdly is very long instruction word(VLIW) and Explicitly Parallel Instruction Computing (EPIC). VLIW relates to a processor architecture made to utilize the advantage of instruction level parallelism (ILP). Whilst conventional processors typically only permit programs that specify instructions to be carried out one after another, a VLIW processor permit programs that can clearly specify instructions to be performed at the exact time (i.e. in parallel). This kind of processor architecture is meant to enable higher performance without the inherent sophistication of some other ways. Intels Itanium chip is based on what they call an EPIC design. This design supposedly offers the VLIW benefit of enhanced instruction throughput. Nevertheless, it prevents some of the problems of scaling an d complexity, by clearly giving in each bundle of instructions information concerning their dependencies. This information is calculated by the compiler, as it would be in a VLIW design. The initial versions are also backward-compatible with existing x86 software by means of an on-chip emulation mode. Integer performance was not good and regardless of enhancements, sales in volume markets continue to be low. One of the earliest CPU was the UNIVAC I (Universal Automatic Computer I) in the year 1951 and the speed of this CPU was 0.0008 IPS (Instructions per second). As in year 2011, one of the fastest personal computer CPUs was the Intel Core i7 Extreme Edition 3960X which has a staggering speed of 53.3 IPS. Compared to the early CPU like the UNIVAC I, the latest CPU is at least sixty-six times faster. (Mostafa, E. and Hesham. 2005) Conclusion for question 1 Central processing unit (CPU) is a very important component in a computer because it process instructions of a computer program by performing the simple arithmetical, logical, and input/output (I/O) operations of the system. That is why CPU also known as the brain of the computer. The CPU has rich in history since the year 1945 before the CPU term had been use and the design and implementation of the CPU had improved tremendously over the years, thus, becoming more powerful and efficient. CPU had been used in various type of computers, from personal computer to super computer. Introduction for question 2 Speaking of computer architecture, a bus is a subsystem that moves data among elements within a computer, or between computers. Initial computer buses were parallel electrical wires with several connections, but the term is now applied for any physical layout that offers the similar logical functionality as a parallel electrical bus. Current computer buses can use both parallel as well as bit serial connections, and can be wired in either a multidrop (electrical parallel) or daisy chain topology, or linked by switched hubs, as in the case of USB. Buses function in units of cycles, messages and transactions. Talking about cycles, a message needs an amount of clock cycles to be delivered from sender to receiver through the bus. Speaking of messages, these are logical unit of information. For instance, a write message contains an address, control signals and the write data. Speaking of transactions, a transaction comprises of a sequence of messages which collectively form a transaction. For instance, a memory read needs a memory read message and a reply with the requested data. (http://www.webopedia.com/TERM/B/bus.html 2007) Answer for question 2 Buses can be parallel buses, which transport data words in parallel on numerous wires, or serial buses, which transport data in bit-serial form. The addition of extra power and control connections, differential drivers, and data connections in every direction generally indicates that mojority serial buses have extra conductors than the minimum of one utilized in 1-Wire and UNI/O. As data rates raise, the issues of timing skew, power usage, electromagnetic interference and crosstalk across parallel buses turn into more and more hard to circumvent. One partial solution to this issue is to double pump the bus. Usually, a serial bus can be worked at greater overall data rates than a parallel bus, regardless of having less electrical connections, due to the fact a serial bus basically has no timing skew or crosstalk. USB, FireWire, and Serial ATA are the likes of this. Multidrop connections will not perform properly for fast serial buses, so most contemporary serial buses utilize daisy-ch ain or hub designs. Traditional computer buses were bundles of wire that linked computer memory and peripherals. Anecdotally termed the digit trunk, they were known as after electrical power buses, or busbars. Almost often, there was single bus for memory, and one or more independent buses for peripherals. These were accessed by separate instructions, with entirely different timings and protocols. (Null, L., Lobur, J. 2006) One of the initial complications was the utilization of interrupts. Early computer programs carry out I/O by holding out in a loop for the peripheral to become prepared. This was a waste of time for program that had other tasks to perform. Also, if the program tried to carry out those other tasks, it may take too long for the program to check again, causing a loss of data. Engineers therefore set up for the peripherals to interrupt the CPU. The interrupts had to be prioritized, simply because the CPU will only perform code for one peripheral at a time, and some systems are more crucial than others. (Lochan, R. and Panigrahy. 2010) High-end systems implemented the plan of channel controllers, which were primarily small computers committed to deal with the input and output of a given bus. IBM implemented these on the IBM 709 in 1958, and they became into a usual feature of their platforms. Other high-performance vendors like Control Data Corporation utilized identical designs. Commonly, the channel controllers would perform their very best to manage all of the bus operations internally, transferring data when the CPU was deemed to be busy elsewhere if likely, and only utilizing interrupts when necessary. This tremendously reduce CPU load, and allows outstanding all round system performance. To provide modularity, memory and I/O buses can be combined into a unified system bus. In this situation, a single mechanical and electrical system can be utilized to link together numerous of the system components, or in some instances, all of them. Later computer programs started to share memory common to some CPUs. Accessi ng to this memory bus needed to be prioritized, as well. The easy method to prioritize interrupts or bus access was with a daisy chain. In this scenario signals will normally pass through the bus in physical or logical order, eliminating of the need for complex scheduling. (Null, L., Lobur, J. 2006) A system bus is an independent computer bus that connects the primary components of a computer system. The method was created to cut down costs and boost modularity. It combines the functions of a data bus to transport information, an address bus to decide where it should be delivered, and a control bus to identify its function. Every mainboard has a set of wires running across it that interconnect all the devices and chips that are lugged into it. These wires are jointly known as bus. The amount of wires in the bus determines how wide the bus is. A data bus is a computer subsystem that enables for the transporting of data from one component to another on a motherboard or system board, or between two computers. This can involve transporting data to and from the memory, or from the central processing unit(CPU) to other components. Every one is made to manage a quantity bits of data at a time. The quantity of data a data bus can deal with is known as bandwidth. The data bus comprises o f 8, 16, or 32 parallel signal lines. The data bus lines are bidirectional. Numerous devices in a system will have their outputs linked to the data bus, but only one device at a time will have its outputs enabled. Any device linked on the data bus must have three-state outputs so that its outputs can be disabled when it is not getting utilized to put data on the bus. An address bus is a computer bus architecture function to transport data between devices that are known by the hardware address of the physical memory (the physical address), which is kept in the form of binary numbers to allow the data bus to access memory storage. The address bus is utilized by the CPU or a direct memory access (DMA) enabled device to find the physical address to convey read/write commands. All address busses are read and written by the CPU or DMA in the form of bits. An address bus is part of the system bus architecture, which was created to reduce costs and improve modular integration. (Ram, B. 2007 ) Nevertheless, majority of current computers use a wide range of single buses for certain tasks. An individual computer consists of a system bus, which links the main components of a computer system and has three primary elements, of which the address bus is one of them, together with the data bus and control bus. An address bus is gauge by the quantity of memory a system can access. A system with a 32-bit address bus can handle 4 gigabytes of memory space. More sophisticated computers utilize a 64-bit address bus with a supporting operating system able to deal with 16 gigabytes of memory locations, which is virtually infinite. A control bus is a computer bus that is utilized by the CPU to interact with devices that are contained inside the computer. This happens via physical connections such as cables or printed circuits. The CPU transfers a wide range of control signals to components and devices to transfer control signals to the CPU making use of the control bus. One of the primary goals of a bus is to reduce the lines that are required for communication. An individual bus enables communication among devices employing single data channel. The control bus is bidirectional and helps the CPU in synchronizing control signals to internal devices and external components. It is made up of interrupt lines, byte enable lines, read/write signals and status lines. Interaction between the CPU and control bus is required for operating an efficient and functional system. With the lack of control bus the CPU unable decide whether the system is obtaining or transmitting data. It is the control bus that manages which way the write and read information need to go. The control bus consists of a control line for write instructions and a control line for read instructions. When the CPU writes data to the main memory, it sends a signal to the write command line. The CPU also transmits a signal to the read command line when it requires to read. This signal allows the CPU to receive or transmit data from main memory. (Ram, B. 2007) Conclusion for question 2 Bus in computer architecture is a very important component in a computer. A bus is a subsystem that moves data among elements within a computer, or between computers. A system bus is an independent computer bus that connects the primary components of a computer system and this method was created to cut down costs and boost modularity. It combines the functions of a data bus to transport information, an address bus to decide where it should be delivered, and a control bus to identify its function. One of the primary goals of a bus is to reduce the lines that are required for communication.

American History-19th Century Essay -- essays research papers

As urban industrial workers expanded in the 19th century, industry and the industrial work force boomed as well. Workers , however, were met with difficult situations that ultimately led to violent outbursts. Low wages could not buy food and clothes at the same time and conditions in the work place brought about countless deaths and injuries. Growing number of immigrants caused the reduction of wages and insecurity of the workers caused unemployment. There were hostilities between workers, employers, and organizations and complaints of no social safety nets. Due to these chaotic dilemmas, union members decided to emerge as one, in order to overcome the corporations. Methods of scientific management were incorporated and the two ideological groups (radicals and conservatives) were firmly rooted in the belief of mutualism. However, conflicts between anarchists and capitalists ignited strikes, generating the Haymarket Square Riot along with the Homestead and Pullman strikes. It was then clear that they could not eliminate corporate control. Even with unity, the workers resulted in a fruitless effort. Urban industrial workers were bombarded with many problems, a major one being long working hours. They not only had to endure endless hours of labor and turmoil, but received scarcely any pay at all. To make things worse, they were struggling to exist in the late 19th century where industrialization was flustering and depressions were part of the norm. An average American worker earned a measly $500 per year and a woman only half as much as the men. People were not making enough money to purchase the necessities of life and thus, lived a hard, struggling life. A woman stated she didnà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢t "live" , but merely "existed".. she didnà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢t live that you could call living." However, even at low wages, an incredible number of hours were being worked. Skilled workers worked an average of 50.4 hours a week and the unskilled at 53.7 hours a week. Where machines replaced workers, the cost of the equipment had to be covered by intensive labor. Steelworkers, for example, worked on average 63.1 hours per week; some laborers were even required to work 12 hours a day, 7 days a week, with even a 24 hour shift and only one day off every two weeks. Long laborious effort... ... Chicago decided to cut the wages of its workers. Due to Pullmanà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢s monopoly on sleeping cars, the American Railway Union (ARU) was created by Eugene V. Debs. The ARU was ordered not to handle the sleeping cars. Railroad officials saw this boycott as a chance to break up the union. The ARU spread the strike all throughout the country which resulted in the disruptance of US mail. President Cleveland sent in troops to cease the strike with the help of Attorney Olney. The ARU was stopped and Debs was put in jail. The corporation won once again, but this time with the power of the government and its arbitrary power over corporation rule. Workers did become "one" and worked well together as "one" but did not succeed as "one". Even throughout lock-outs and strikes, they were suppressed by government power and corporation rule. The power they had hoped to gain as they united wasnà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢t strong enough to overcome the arbitrary rule and omnipotence of corporations and the government. Miseries of their laborious life continued as hours remained long, wages remained low, conditions remained unsafe, and workers remained disheartened.

Feast of Christ the King

November 21, 2010, is the last day for ordinary times and we will start again to our new liturgical calendar, the beginning of the advent season. We commemorate the feast of Christ our king in Villa del Sol in City of San Fernando Pampanga to be one or be united to praise and glorify Him. The main theme of the celebration is about the Reproductive Health Bill that the Church is not in favor. A prayer rally was held so that the people may be aware of the consequences when this bill will be passed. A lot of different organization joined the rally to witness the solemnity of our Lord and be one to against the said bill. And when the homily started the priest really focus about the Reproductive Health Bill and associate it with the feast of Christ the King. The Church said that it will weaken and loosen the moral fiber of the nation and it will introduce a new culture, the culture of death. Also it will have an irreversible consequence in our life. By listening and understanding the homily, the Reproductive Health Bill is not appropriate to each one of us because of the consequences like it is anti-poor and anti-life. As a Catholic, life is so important to us. We treasure it because life is not our possession, God only give it to us and He is the only one who can tell when will we going to die and what is our future. We only do what good for everyone and God will give us what we really deserve.

Evil in Sula and Oranges Are Not the Only Fruit Essays

Evil in Sula and Oranges Are Not the Only Fruit Essays Evil in Sula and Oranges Are Not the Only Fruit Paper Evil in Sula and Oranges Are Not the Only Fruit Paper Essay Topic: Literature Sula Evil, or at least each communitys perception of it, plays a key role in both Sula and Oranges are Not the Only Fruit. In Sula it is Sula Peace that is the Bottom communitys poster girl for evil; in Oranges it is Jeanette that incurs the wrath of her church. Judgment and methods of punishment differ greatly in the two novels, but the reasons for each womans labelling as evil are not that dissimilar. Jeanettes unnatural passions (105), or lesbianism, are what incite the church to take offense, and it is Sulas rebellious behavior that causes her community to boycott any and all relations with her. In both cases it is the womans unwillingness, or inability, to conform to the social standards that sets her apart and agitates the community. However, the way in which these differences are handled greatly differs between the novels. The magnitude of the cruelty and unforgivingness of the communitys judgment and punishment in Oranges Are Not the Only Fruit exceeds that in Sula by far. The inhabitants of Medallions Bottom punish Sula Peace in an unaggressive manner, whereas Jeanette is outright exorcised. The Bottoms judgment of Sula as evil was widespread (in the community) and final. The first signs that Sula was evil were shown the moment she arrived in town: she stepped off the Cincinnati Flyer into the robin shit and began the long climb up into the Bottom (90). Her arrival on the same day that birds were creating a mess everywhere is blatant foreshadowing of the mess she herself creates in the coming time of her stay in Medallion. Morrison sums up the Bottoms reasons for viewing Sula as the personification of evil: When word got out about Eva being put in Sunnydale, the people in the Bottom shook their heads and said Sula was a roach. Later, when they saw how she took Jude, then ditched him for others, and heard how he bought a bus ticket to Detroit they forgot all about Hannahs easy ways (or their own) and said she was a bitch. Everybody remembered the plague of robins that announced her return, and the tale about her watching Hannah burn was stirred up again. (112) Soon after arriving in Medallion, Sula deems is necessary to place Eva in a nearby nursing home, though Eva is in no need whatsoever of being placed in such an institution-she is lucid and able to take care of herself. The Bottom is outraged at this decision. How can Sula just waltz into town and put Eva up in a nursing home while keeping the house for herself? This move is unprecedented in the community, and does nothing to alleviate the Bottoms view of Sula as evil. Furthermore, Sulas promiscuous relations with men, both black and white, is the central problem the community has with her. It must be kept in mind, though, that Sulas mother, Hannah, was equally loose, if not more so, and the Bottom did not despise her anywhere near as much as they do Sula. Why the dualism? As Marie Nigro writes, Sula uses men much as her mother (now deceased) had done but with a different spirit. Whereas Hannah had been sweet and without guile and had respected the ways of the community, Sula goes to bed with men as often as she can but then carelessly tosses them aside. It was a compliment when Hannah chose to sleep with another womans husband, but an insult when Sula did the same-she sees them as disposable and thus treats them that way. The wives are furious over this. It was the men, though, who said she was guilty of the unforgivable thing-the thing for which there was no understanding, no excuse, no compassion They said that Sula slept with white men (112). This is the crystallizing factor in Sulas evilness. As word of this spreads around, regardless of its accuracy, the townspeople either ignore Sula altogether or dream up complicated plots to torture her. Mixing of races is the ultimate sin. The fact that many of the townspeople are products of mixed relationships and it is not nearly as troublesome when black men sleep with white women does not deter their hatred of Sula in the least. The Bottoms judgment of Sula is also at times overly critical, as when she picks at food and does not exclaim over the excellence of the food. They conclude that she is laughing at their God (115). Community judgment of Sula is complex and dualistic, as the previous examples depict. Further, the Bottom communitys passiveness towards Sulas evilness can be explained by its view that the purpose of evil was to survive it (90). The people of the Bottom fully accept the presence of evil. In fact, as with the response to the sky blackening with pigeons, they reacted to an oppressive oddity, or what they called the evil days, with an acceptance that bordered on welcome (89). Thus, when it is final the Sula is evil and could do no good, the community does not lynch or do anything of the type to her. They did not stone sinners because it was beneath them. So how is Sula really punished for being who she is? The ensuing silence she receives from the town leaves her lonely and deserted among her own people; she is alone. The communitys attitude towards Sula is highlighted after she dies. She is left in her home, in her bed, for several days after she dies. In fact, it is it the police who come and take her away, Nel being the one had calls them because she feels it is the right thing to do. People do, however, attend her funeral, but this is out of politeness and civility as well. Contrary to what the townspeople initially believe, along with Sulas death the punishment of the Bottom began. Hatred for Sula unites the community against her and moves it to care more about its members in retaliation to her ways. The women are better to their husbands and the mothers better to their children, and when Sula dies, all reason for remaining good dies as well. On the other hand, the judgment seen in Oranges Are Not the Only Fruit is more straight forward and concrete. Jeanettes evangelical community in northern England is extremely religious, with set rules and guidelines. Anything against doctrine is evil, including Jeanettes unnatural passion. Unlike Sula, Jeanette does not have her entire church community against her. Elsie, though now deceased, Miss Jewsbury, and some other members believe she is free of blame. Jeanette has been raised in a strictly religious environment, so religious that she suffers in school from other students and teachers criticizing her deep involvement in matters dealing with God. For example, the head of the school, Mrs. Vole, interrogates Jeanette, You seem rather pre-occupied, shall we say, with God. Your sampler, for instance, had a very disturbing motif. Yes, your reading skills are quite unusual (41). Jeanettes stringent religious upbringing makes it all the more ironic, as well as horrifying, to the community and her mother specifically when she displays unnatural passions. Jeanette tries to express her love for Melanie to her mother, I explained how much I wanted to be with Melanie, that I could talk to her, that I needed that kind of friend (102). Of course, Jeanettes mother interprets this as more than just a friendship between her daughter and Melanie, correctly, even though Jeanette at the moment denies it. Consequently, the next time at church, Jeanette and Melanie are called out on the their unnatural passions. Melanie promises to give up the sin and is let off easy, staying with relatives in Halifax afterwards. However, Jeanette does not relent in her assertion that she loves Melanie and will never stop. This causes the pastor to send Jeanette home. She instead goes to Miss Jewsburys and spend the night there and has sex with her, and the next morning she returns to her home only to be locked up in the parlor as part of an exorcism! Tired and starving, Jeanette caves in and says she will repent for her sin. After this she maintain a life free of unnatural passions until she meets Katy, whom she has a love affair with. Discovered, Jeanette will not repent this time and stands firmly planted in her position. In response to this, her church privileges are revoked, as are the rest of the females privileges in the church. Jeanettes sinfulness is blamed on her having too much power; the notion that she is lesbian because thats how she was born is unthinkable. Jeanette leaves the community entirely here, choosing to be herself than conform to the churchs rigid social standards. Jeanettes own mother cast her out. There is doubt of the mothers own lack of sin: right at the bottom of the page was a yellowy picture of a pretty woman holding a cat. Whos that? I pointed out. That? Oh just Eddys sister, I dont know why I put it in there, and she turned the page. Next time we looked, it had gone (36). The role that the woman played in the mothers life is questionable, especially since Jeanettes mother admits that her past was not sin-free and far from chaste. So who is she to judge Jeanette so harshly? The community and mothers judgment is firm and unwaivering. There is no gray area, only black and white: stay with the church and abide by its moral code, or leave. The second time around her unnatural passions are revealed, Jeanette choses to leave rather than be punished for being who she is. Also more straight forward than that in Sula, the punishment in Oranges Are Not the Only Fruit of Jeanette it downright cruel. The first time Jeanette is asked to repent, she eventually does so, but not before being exorcised and starved. Only a child at the time, she is not able to take control of the situation and is a victim of her mothers fervent religiousness and devotion to the church and its doctrine. The second time Jeanette is caught, she is older, thus able to make decisions for herself. When she decides that, rather than repent again and accept her lowered position in the church, shell instead move away from the community, she is ostracized by her mother and other ardent church members. Later when Jeanette works for a funeral parlour and services Elsies funeral, she is insolently spoken to: The pastor motioned to the flock. We wont stay to be mocked any longer. Oh hes a demon your daughter, wailed Mrs White, holding on to the pastors arm. Shes no daughter of mine, snapped back my mother, head high, leading the way out (157). The depth to which Jeanette is outcast from the community is incredible. Sula and Oranges Are Not the Only Fruit have both similarities and differences between each other in the community judgment and punishment previously described. In both novels, the protagonist defies the accepted social norm. Jeanette is lesbian whereas Sula is rebellious and promiscuous, her own woman. In Oranges, judgment is based on religion-on a given doctrine. It is definite and inflexible; gray areas do no exist, life is black or white. Jeanette cannot be a lesbian and member of the church at the same time. In Sula, the opposite is true. Judgment is based on the communitys social standards, and they are far from definite and quite flexible. The perfect example would be the comparison of Hannah and Sulas sexual behavior. They are similar, but how they are received by the community is far from close. The Bottom is able to distinguish between certain qualities like Hannahs care for men and Sulas disposable attitude toward them. This is what makes the gray area possible. As for punishment, the two novels do not differ tremendously in methods, but in severity. Both communities ostracized the person they identified as evil. In Sula, however, Sula Peace remained in the community and was not forced into exile. The cold shoulder and fantasies about torture were the most drastic responses from those around here. The church community of Oranges steps up the intensity of punishment. Exorcism and starvation are used to force Jeanette to repent her lesbianism, and she is later ostracized by the church when she refuses to give up her lifestyle. The ostracization here, however, is magnified. Jeanette must move away from the community and her own mother refuses to acknowledge her status as Jeanettes parent! The extent of the cruelty and unforgivingness of the communitys judgment and punishment in Oranges Are Not the Only Fruit is much greater than that in Sula. While the reasons for labelling each woman may be similar, they do not fit the social criteria for normal, methods of punishment differ in many respects. Both women are cut off from the rest of community, but the Bottom does not physically or mentally harm Sula, nor does it drive her out of town. Jeanettes church does just that to her. The community of Oranges has a more stringent set of rules to adhere to, where following them is not an option but a requirement in order to remain on the good side of the church. Sulas Bottom community is flexible in its judgments and how the social rules are applied to every individual person; exceptions are allowed. Community judgment and punishment of those they see as evil in Sula and Oranges Are Not the Only Fruit are certainly belonging to separate novels.

Free Essays on Spanish-American War

The weeks that have elapsed since that fatal event of February 15th have been making history in a manner highly creditable to the American government and to our citizenship. Captain Sigsbee, the commander of the Maine, had promptly telegraphed his desire that judgment should be suspended until investigation had been made. The investigation was started at once, and 75 million Americans have accordingly suspended judgment in the face of a great provocation. For it must be remembered that to suppose the destruction of the Maine an ordinary accident and not due to any external agency or hostile intent was, under all the circumstances, to set completely at defiance the law of probabilities. It is not true that battleships are in the habit of blowing themselves up. When all the environing facts were taken into consideration, it was just about as probable that the Maine had been blown up by some accident where no hostile motive was involved, as that the reported assassination of President Barrios of Guatemala, a few days previously, had really been a suicide. . . . It has been known perfectly well that Spanish hatred might at any time manifest itself by attempts upon the life of the American representative at Havana, Consul General Fitzhugh Lee. This danger was felt especially at the time of the Havana riots in January, and it seems to have had something to do with the sending of the Maine to Havana Harbor. The Spaniards themselves, however, looked upon the sending of the Maine as a further aggravation of the long series of their just grievances against the United States. They regarded the presence of the Maine at Havana as a menace to Spanish sovereignty in the island and as an encouragement to the insurgents. A powerful American fleet lay at Key West and the Dry Tortugas, with steam up ready to follow the Maine to the harbor of Havana at a few hours' notice. All this was intensely hateful to the Spaniards, and particularly to the Army of... Free Essays on Spanish-American War Free Essays on Spanish-American War The weeks that have elapsed since that fatal event of February 15th have been making history in a manner highly creditable to the American government and to our citizenship. Captain Sigsbee, the commander of the Maine, had promptly telegraphed his desire that judgment should be suspended until investigation had been made. The investigation was started at once, and 75 million Americans have accordingly suspended judgment in the face of a great provocation. For it must be remembered that to suppose the destruction of the Maine an ordinary accident and not due to any external agency or hostile intent was, under all the circumstances, to set completely at defiance the law of probabilities. It is not true that battleships are in the habit of blowing themselves up. When all the environing facts were taken into consideration, it was just about as probable that the Maine had been blown up by some accident where no hostile motive was involved, as that the reported assassination of President Barrios of Guatemala, a few days previously, had really been a suicide. . . . It has been known perfectly well that Spanish hatred might at any time manifest itself by attempts upon the life of the American representative at Havana, Consul General Fitzhugh Lee. This danger was felt especially at the time of the Havana riots in January, and it seems to have had something to do with the sending of the Maine to Havana Harbor. The Spaniards themselves, however, looked upon the sending of the Maine as a further aggravation of the long series of their just grievances against the United States. They regarded the presence of the Maine at Havana as a menace to Spanish sovereignty in the island and as an encouragement to the insurgents. A powerful American fleet lay at Key West and the Dry Tortugas, with steam up ready to follow the Maine to the harbor of Havana at a few hours' notice. All this was intensely hateful to the Spaniards, and particularly to the Army of...

Reflection on strategy management tasks Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Reflection on strategy management tasks - Essay Example First of all, I made an approach to understand each and every aspects of the task. Then several secondary researches were executed in order to collect suitable information and data within a quick period of time. The PEST analysis was easy to implement in this study. The recent political, economical, technological and economical scenarios of the industry can be obtained easily from text books or other academic journals. These sources helped to provide reliable data and information of the specific industry. Horizon scanning was the most difficult part in this task. It is very much difficult for a manager to estimate future threat and opportunities. Inadequate detection of early signs can affect the financial stability of the firm. On the other hand, the economic and political situation is changing constantly. Therefore, this part of the task has created several initial problems. I learned several significant and important things while completing the first task. Industry analysis and Ho rizon scanning were the two most interesting parts of this task. Through the industry analysis, an analyst can gain important knowledge about the situation of external environment. On the other hand, effective Horizon scanning can increase the future estimation and analytical skill that can increase the productivity of a manager. The second task is all about the

WHAT ASSUMPTIONS DOES THE CONCEPT OF TRANSFER MAKE ABOUT THE Essay

WHAT ASSUMPTIONS DOES THE CONCEPT OF TRANSFER MAKE ABOUT THE DEVELOPMENT OF AND THE APPLICATION OF KNOWLEDGE AND SKILLS IN AND BETWEEN EDUCATION AND WORKPLACE - Essay Example llenge for vocational educational programmes is therefore to provide effective support to students so that they are able to effectively make the transition from school to the workplace. This assignment deals with the concept of transfer of knowledge and skills from school to the workplace and how effectively an understanding of the transfer process helps to evaluate the degree to which this is being achieved. Existing vocational education curricula are unable to effectively bring about the transfer of students from the context of the school to the workplace. What are the reasons for this and what is the role of knowledge and skills acquisition in the transfer process? These are the questions I will attempt to answer in this essay. This first section discusses the concept of knowledge itself, in order to provide a basis for assessing how far the transfer of such knowledge is supported by vocational education. It will examine the different kinds of knowledge as well as skills and the importance of possessing them in the workplace. Knowledge may be tacit, explicit or situated. While situated knowledge is relevant within a particular work context and may be taught through workplace training and the use of handbooks and manuals tacit knowledge is group knowledge that develops within a specific cultural context and may be more difficult to replicate (Guile and Young 2003). Guile ([2002] citing Drucker [1993]) mentions that some authors view knowledge as an embrained phenomenon, for example, it exists either as a product of someone’s mental abilities or as data that may be found on websites, therefore innovation in such an instance will involve transfer of skill and expertise from one section of an organization to another. Other authors such as Noneka and Takeuchi ([1995] as cited by Guile [2002]) have suggested that the development of innovation in business is dependent upon the extent to which the tacit knowledge possessed by the firm is successfully exploited,